David Townsend, Ph.D.
Contact Information
Phone: 207.581.4367
Email: davidt@maine.edu
Lab website: Link to Townsend Website
Address:
341 Aubert Hall
Orono, ME 04469-5706
Education
Ph.D. University of Maine
Description
My research is broadly focused on the biological oceanography of coastal seas, especially the Gulf of Maine. More specifically, I am interested in physical-biological coupling of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and larval fishes. In the past, these interests have lead me into detailed studies of larval herring dynamics in the Gulf of Maine, larval cod dynamics on Georges Bank, phytoplankton blooms dynamics, the spring bloom and nutrient dynamics on Georges Bank, and biological production (in the broadest sense) of Maine’s estuaries. My current research projects are focused on phytoplankton, nutrients and red tides in the Gulf of Maine. Most of my work is heavily dependent on shipboard oceanographic surveys, as opposed to land-based laboratory experiments. I prefer to approach specific research problems in an interdisciplinary manner and to propose solutions to those problems that require the formation of teams of researchers that include physical, chemical and biological oceanographers.
Publications
Publications (D.W. Townsend) in reverse chronological order. Click [PDF] where given to download a reprint.
Twardowski, M.S., D.W. Townsend, J.M. Sullivan, C. Koch, N.R. Pettigrew, J. O’Donnell, C. Stymiest, J. Salisbury, T. Moore, R. Young-Morse, N.D. Stockley and J. Ruairidh Morrison. 2015. Development of the first operational nutrient observatory for ecosystem, climate and hazard monitoring for NERACOOS. Marine Technology Society Journal 49(3): 72-80. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., N.R. Pettigrew, M.A. Thomas, M.G. Neary, D.J. McGillicuddy, Jr. and J. O’Donnell. 2015. Water masses and nutrient sources to the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Marine Research 73: 93-122. [pdf]
Shankar, S., D.W. Townsend, M.A. Thomas. 2014. Ammonium and maintenance of bloom populations of the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium fundyense, in the Gulf of Maine and on Georges Bank: Results of laboratory culture experiments. Marine Ecology Progress Series 507: 57-67. [PDF]
Jiang, M., D.G. Borkman, P. S. Libby, D.W. Townsend and M. Zhou. 2014. Nutrient input and the competition of Phaeocystis and diatoms in Massachusetts Bay spring bloom. Journal of Marine Systems 134: 29-44. [PDF]
Rebuck, N.D. and D. W. Townsend. 2014. A climatology and time series for dissolved nitrate in the Gulf of Maine region. Deep Sea Research II. 103: 223-237. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., M.A. Thomas, D.J. McGillicuddy, N.R. Rebuck. 2014. Nutrients and water masses in the Gulf of Maine – Georges Bank region: Variability and importance to blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense. Deep Sea Research II. 103: 238-263. [PDF]
McGillicuddy, D.J., Jr., M.L. Brosnahan, D.A. Couture, R. He, B.A. Keafer, J.P. Manning, J.L. Martin, C.H. Pilskaln, D.W. Townsend, D.M. Anderson. 20143. A red tide ofAlexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine. Deep Sea Research II. 103: 174-184. [PDF]
Gettings, R.M., D.W. Townsend, M.A. Thomas, L. Karp-Boss. 2014. Dynamics of late spring and summer phytoplankton communities on Georges Bank, with emphasis on diatoms, Alexandrium spp., and other dinoflagellates. Deep Sea Research II. 103: 120-138. [PDF]
McGillicuddy, D.J., Jr., D.W. Townsend, B.A. Keafer, M.A. Thomas and D.M. Anderson. 2014. Georges Bank: A leaky incubator of Alexandrium fundyense blooms. Deep-Sea Research II. 103: 163-173. [PDF]
Fogarty, M.J., D.W. Townsend and E. Klein. 2012. Advances in understanding ecosystem structure and function in the Gulf of Maine. pp. 261-272, In: Stephenson, R.L., J.H. Annala, J.A. Runge and M. Hall-Arber, (Eds). Advancing an Ecosystem Approach in the Gulf of Maine. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 79, Bethesda, MD. 415 pp.[PDF]
Smith, P.C. N.R. Pettigrew, P. Yeats, D.W. Townsend and G. Han. 2012. Regime shift in the Gulf of Maine. pp. 185-203, In: Stephenson, R.L., J.H. Annala, J.A. Runge and M. Hall-Arber, (Eds). Advancing an Ecosystem Approach in the Gulf of Maine. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 79, Bethesda, MD. 415 pp. [PDF]
Anderson, D.M., D.J. McGillicuddy, Jr., B.A. Keafer, R. He and D.W. Townsend. 2011. Population dynamics of Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine: outlook for improved management and forecasting. Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference on Harmful Algae, Hersonessos, Crete, November 2010. [PDF]
McGillicuddy, D.J., Jr., D.W. Townsend, R. He, B.A. Keafer, J.L. Kleindinst, Y. Li, J.P. Manning, D.G. Mountain, M.A. Thomas and D.M. Anderson. 2011. Suppression of the 2010Alexandrium fundyense bloom by changes in physical, biological, and chemical properties of the Gulf of Maine. Limnology and Oceanography 56: 2411-2426. [PDF]
Hu, S., C. Chen, R. Ji, D.W. Townsend, R. Tian, R.C. Beardsley, C.S. Davis. 2011. Effects of surface forcing on interannual variability of the fall phytoplankton bloom in the Gulf of Maine revealed using a process-oriented model. Marine Ecology – Progress Series. 427: 29-49.[PDF]
Apollonio, S. and D.W. Townsend. 2011. Over-winter oceanographic profiles in Jones Sound, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, November 1961 – June 1962: Temperature, salinity, oxygen and nutrients. Arctic 64(4): 413-420. [PDF]
Runge, J.A., A. Kovach, J. Churchill, L. Kerr, J.R. Morrison, R.C. Beardsley, D. Berlinsky, C. Chen, S. Cadrin, C. Davis, K. Ford, J.H. Grabowski, W.H. Howell, R. Ji, R. Jones, A. Pershing, N. Record, A.C. Thomas, G. Sherwood, S. Tallack, D.W. Townsend. 2010. Understanding Climate Impacts on Recruitment and Spatial Dynamics of Atlantic Cod in the Gulf of Maine: Integration of Observations and Modeling. Progress Oceanogr. 87: 251-263. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., N.D. Rebuck, M.A. Thomas, L. Karp-Boss, and R. M. Gettings. 2010. A changing nutrient regime in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Res. 30: 820-832. [PDF]
Jordaan, A., Y. Chen, D.W. Townsend and S. Sherman. 2010. Identification of ecological structure and species relationships along an oceanographic gradient in the Gulf of Maine using multivariate analysis with bootstrapping. Canadian J. Fish. Aq. Sci. 67: 701-719. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and W.G. Ellis. 2010. Primary production and nutrient cycling on the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf. Pp. 234-248, In: Liu, K.-K., Atkinson, L., Quinones, R., Talaue-McManus, L. (Eds). Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins: A Global Synthesis. IGBP Book Series. Springer, Berlin, 744 p + XXVIII. [PDF]
Brickley, P., N.R. Pettigrew and D.W. Townsend. Ms. A transient phytoplankton bloom in the wake of Hurricane Eduoard by mixing and inertial waves in the western Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research (In Revision).
Pettigrew, N.R., Xue, .H.J., Irish, J.D., Perrie, W., Roesler, C.S., Thomas, A.C., Townsend, D.W. 2008. The Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System: Generic Lessons Learned in the First Seven Years of Operation (2001-2008). Marine Technology Society Journal. 42(3): 91-102. [PDF]
Anderson, D.M., J.M. Burkholder, W.P. Cochlan, P.M. Glibert, C.J. Gobler, C.A. Heil f, R. Kudela, M.L. Parsons, J. E. Rensel , D.W. Townsend , V.L. Trainer, G. A. Vargo. 2008. Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: Examining linkages from selected coastal regions of the United States. Harmful Algae 8 : 39-53. [PDF]
Ji, R., C.S. Davis, C. Chen, D.W. Townsend, D.G. Mountain, R.C. Beardsley. 2008. Modeling the influence of low-salinity water inflow on winter-spring phytoplankton dynamics in the Nova Scotian Shelf – Gulf of Maine region. Journal of Plankton Research 30: 1399-1416. [PDF]
Hu, S., D.W. Townsend, C. Chen, G. Cowles, R.C. Beardsley, R. Ji, R.W. Houghton. 2008. Tidal Pumping onto Georges Bank: A Process-Oriented Modeling Study of Nutrient Flux.J. Marine Systems 74: 528-544. [PDF]
Ji, R., C.S. Davis, C. Chen, D.W. Townsend, D.G. Mountain, R.C. Beardsley. 2007. Influence of ocean freshening on shelf phytoplankton dynamics. Geophys. Res. Letters 34, L24607, doi:10.1029/2007GL032010 [PDF]
Ralston, D.K., D.J. McGillicuddy and D.W. Townsend. 2007. Asynchronous vertical migration and bimodal distribution of motile phytoplankton. J. Plankton Res. 29: 803-821[PDF]
Ji, R., C. Chen, P.J.S. Franks, D.W. Townsend, E.G. Durbin, R.C. Beardsley, R.G. Lough, and R.W. Houghton. 2006. Spring Phytoplankton Bloom and Associated Lower Trophic Level Food Web Dynamics on Georges Bank: 1-D and 2-D Model Studies. Deep-Sea Research II. 53: 2656-2683. [PDF]
Ji, R., C. Chen, P.J.S. Franks, D.W. Townsend, E.G. Durbin, R.C. Beardsley, R.G. Lough, and R.W. Houghton. 2006. The impact of Scotian Shelf Water cross-over on the phytoplankton dynamics on Georges Bank: A 3-D experiment for the 1999 spring bloom. Deep-Sea Research II. 53: 2684-2707.[PDF]
Townsend, D.W.,A.C. Thomas, L.M. Mayer, M. Thomas and J. Quinlan. 2006. Oceanography of the Northwest Atlantic Continental Shelf. pp. 119-168. In: Robinson, A.R. and K.H. Brink (eds). The Sea, Volume 14, Harvard University Press. [PDF]
Pettigrew. N.R., J.H. Churchill, C.D. Janzen, L.J. Mangum, R.P. Signell, A.C. Thomas, D.W. Townsend, J.P. Wallinga, and H. Xue. 2005. The kinematic and hydrographic structure of the Gulf of Maine Coastal Current. Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2369 2391. [PDF]
Kirn, S.L., D.W. Townsend and N.R. Pettigrew. 2005. Suspended Alexandrium spp. hypnozygote cysts in the Gulf of Maine. Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2543 2559. [PDF]
McGillicuddy, Jr., D.M. Anderson, A.R. Solow, and D.W. Townsend. 2005. Interannual variability of Alexandrium fundyense abundance and shellfish toxicity in the Gulf of Maine. Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2843 2855. [PDF]
McGillicuddy, D.J., D.M. Anderson, D.R. Lynch and D.W. Townsend. 2005. Mechanisms regulating the large-scale fluctuations in Alexandrium fundyense populations in the Gulf of Maine, Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2698 2714. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., S. Bennett and M. Thomas. 2005. Vertical distributions of Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine. Deep-Sea Research II, 52: 2593 2602. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., N.R. Pettigrew and A.C. Thomas. 2005. On the nature of Alexandrium fundyense blooms in the Gulf of Maine. Deep Sea Research II, 52: 2603 2630. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and J. Pederson. 2004. Aspects of the oceanography of the Gulf of Maine relevant to ballast water issues. Pp. 29-37 In: Pederson, J. (Ed). Ballast Water Exchange: Exploring the Feasibility of Alternate Ballast Water Exchange Zones in the North Atlantic. MIT Sea Grant College Program.
Townsend, D.W. 2004. Review of: Parsons, T., The Seas Enthrawl: Memoirs of an Oceanographer. Ecce Nova Press, 2004. Oceanography 17: 138-139. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 2003. Review of: Levinton, J.S. 2001. Marine Biology: Function, Biodiversity, Ecology, 2nd Edition. Oxford. In: The Quarterly Review of Biology 78: 107.
Thomas, A.C., D.W. Townsend and R. Weatherbee. 2003. Satellite-measured phytoplankton variability in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research 23: 971-989. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and M. Thomas. 2002. Springtime nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics on Georges Bank. Marine Ecology — Progress Series 228: 57-74. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 2001. Review of: Castro, C. and M.E. Huber (2000) Marine Biology, 3rd Ed. 444p. McGraw-Hill. In: The Quarterly Review of Biology 76: 100.
Townsend, D.W., N.R. Pettigrew and A.C. Thomas. 2001. Offshore blooms of the red tide organism, Alexandrium sp., in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research 21: 347-369. [PDF]
Ryan, J.P., J.A. Loder and D.W. Townsend. 2001. Influence of a Gulf Stream Warm-Core Ring on Water Mass and Chlorophyll Distributions along the Southern Flank of Georges Bank. Deep-Sea Research II . 48: 159-178.[PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and A.C. Thomas. 2001. Winter-Spring Transition of Phytoplankton Chlorophyll and Inorganic Nutrients on Georges Bank. Deep-Sea Research II. 48: 199-214.[PDF]
Wong, M.W. and D.W. Townsend. 1999. Phytoplankton and hydrography of the Kennebec estuary, Maine (USA). Marine Ecology Progress Series 178: 133 144. [PDF]
Radtke, R.L., D.W. Townsend, R.A. Kinzie III and D. Fey. 1999. Two dimensional X ray mapping of otoliths, a high resolution technique for determining amphidromy in the tropical goby Lentipes concolor. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 238: 21-27. [PDF]
Pettigrew, N.R., D.W. Townsend, H. Xue, J.P. Wallinga and P. Brickley. 1998. Observations of the Eastern Maine Coastal Current and its Offshore Extensions in 1994. Journal of Geophysical Research. 103 (C13): 30,623 30,639.
Townsend, D.W. 1998. Sources and cycling of nitrogen in the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Marine Systems 16 (3/4): 283-295. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 1997. Biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen in the Gulf of Maine. In: Braasch, G. and G. Wallace (eds.). Proceedings of Gulf of Maine Ecosystem Dynamics: a Scientific Symposium and Workshop, 16-20 Sept. 1996, St. Andrew’s, N.B., pp. 117-134.
Townsend, D.W. 1997. Review of: Conkling, P.h. [Ed.]. 1995. From Cape Cod to the Bay of Fundy: An Environmental Atlas of the Gulf of Maine. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. 258pp. Limnology and Oceanography 41: 1586-1587.
Pettigrew, N.R., D.A. Kistner, G.B. Barbin, A.K. Laursen, D.W. Townsend, and J.P. Christensen. 1997. The summer hydrography of Somes Sound. Maine Naturalist. 4: 35-44.
Townsend, D.W. and N.R. Pettigrew. 1997. Nitrogen limitation of secondary production on Georges Bank. Journal of Plankton Research 19: 221-235. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and N.R. Pettigrew. 1996. The role of frontal currents in larval fish transport on Georges Bank. Deep-Sea Research II. 43: 1773-1792. [PDF]
Laursen, A.K., L.M. Mayer and D.W Townsend. 1996. Lability of proteinaceaus material in estuarine seston and subcellular fractions of phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series 136: 227-234. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and M.D. Keller. 1996. Dimethylsulfide (DMS) and Dimethylsulfonio-propionate (DMSP) in the Gulf of Maine. Marine Ecology Progress Series 137: 229-241.[PDF]
Christensen, J.P., D.W. Townsend and J.P. Montoya. 1995. Water column nutrients and sedimentary denitrification in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Res. 16: 489-516.[PDF]
Townsend, D.W., R.L. Radtke, D. Malone and J.P. Wallinga. 1995. Use of otolith strontium : calcium ratios for hindcasting larval cod Gadus morhua distributions relative to water masses on Georges Bank. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 119: 37 44. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., L.M. Cammen, P.M. Holligan, D.E. Campbell and N.R. Pettigrew. 1994. Causes and consequences of variability in the timing of spring phytoplankton blooms. Deep-Sea Res. 41: 747-765. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., M.D. Keller, P.M. Holligan, S.G. Ackleson and W.M. Balch. 1994. Coccolithophore blooms in relation to hydrography in the Gulf of Maine. Cont. Shelf Res. 14: 979-1000. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., M.D. Keller, M.E. Sieracki and S.G. Ackleson. 1992. Spring phytoplankton blooms in the absence of vertical water column stability. Nature 360: 59-62. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., R.L. Radtke, S. Corwin and D.A. Libby. 1992. Strontium:calcium ratios in juvenile Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) otoliths as a function of temperature. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 160: 131-140.
Townsend, D.W. 1992. Review of: Singer, S. Fred. 1989. Global Climate Change: Human and Natural Influences. Paragon, N.Y. 424 p. Environmental Management, 16(6): 822-823.
Townsend, D.W. 1992. An overview of the oceanography and biological productivity of the Gulf of Maine. pp. 5-26 In: Townsend, D.W. and P.F. Larsen (eds). The Gulf of Maine. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program, Regional Synthesis Series, No. 1. 135 p.
Townsend, D.W. and P.F. Larsen (eds). 1992. The Gulf of Maine. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program, Regional Synthesis Series, No. 1. 135 p.
Townsend, D.W. 1992. Ecology of larval herring in relation to the oceanography of the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research 14: 467-493. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., L.M. Mayer, Q. Dortch and R.W. Spinrad. 1992. Vertical structure and biological activity in the botton nepeloid layer of the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research 12: 367-387. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 1991. Influences of oceanographic processes on the biological productivity of the Gulf of Maine. Reviews in Aquatic Sciences 5: 211-230. [PDF]
Radtke, R.L. and D.W. Townsend. 1991. Herring life history parameters resolved from structural and chemical analyses of otoliths. pp. 53-70. In: Proceedings of the International Herring Symposium, Anchorage, Alaska, October 1990. University of Alaska Sea Grant Program Spec. Publ. AK-SG-91-01. 684 pp.
Townsend, D.W. and H.H. El Rashidi. 1991. Ichthyoplankton of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. Thalassia Jugoslavica 23: 65-73.
Radtke, R.L., D.W. Townsend, S.D. Folsom and M.A. Morrison. 1990. Strontium:Calcium concentration ratios in larval herring otoliths as indicators of environmental histories. Environmental Biology of Fishes 27: 51-61.
Brooks, D.A. and D.W. Townsend. 1989. Variability in the coastal current and nutrient pathways in the eastern Gulf of Maine. Journal of Marine Research 47: 303-321. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., R.L. Radtke, M.A. Morrison and S.D. Folsom. 1989. Recruitment implications of larval herring overwintering distributions in the Gulf of Maine, inferred using a new otolith technique. Marine Ecology – Progress Series 55: 1-13. [PDF]
Dortch, Q., D.W. Townsend, R.W. Spinrad and L.M. Mayer. 1988. The role of nepheloid layers in benthic-pelagic coupling. NOAA Symp, Series for Underwater Research. 6(1): 181-204.
Townsend, D.W. and P.M. Holligan. 1988. Review of: Backus, R.H. and D.W. Bourne, 1984, Georges Bank. MIT Press. 593 p. Science, 240: 1070-1071.
Townsend, D.W., J.P. Christensen, T. Berman, P. Walline, A. Schneller and C.S. Yentsch. 1988. Near-bottom chlorophyll maxima in shelf waters of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea: Upwelling and sediments as possible nutrient sources. Oceanologica Acta N.Sp. 1988: 235-244.
Townsend, D.W. and L.M. Cammen. 1988. Potential importance of the timing of spring plankton blooms to benthic-pelagic coupling and recruitment of juvenile demersal fishes. Biological Oceanography 5(3): 215-228. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W., J.P. Christensen, D.K. Stevenson, J.J. Graham and S.B. Chenoweth. 1987. The importance of a plume of tidally-mixed water to the biological oceanography of the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Marine Research 45: 699-728. [PDF]
King, F.D., T.L. Cucci and D.W. Townsend. 1987. Microzooplankton and macrozooplankton glutamate dehydrogenase as indices of the relative contributions of these fractions to ammonium regeneration in the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research 9:277-289.
Berman, T., Y. Azov, A. Schneller, P. Walline and D.W. Townsend. 1986. Extent, transparency, and phytoplankton distribution of the neritic waters overlying the Israeli coastal shelf. Oceanologica Acta 9: 439-447.
Townsend, D.W., J.J. Graham and D.K. Stevenson. 1986. Dynamics of larval herring production in tidally mixed waters of the eastern coastal Gulf of Maine. pp. 253-277. In: M.J. Bowman, C.M. Yentsch and W.T. Peterson (eds.). Tidal Mixing and Plankton Dynamics. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 502 p.[PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and R.W. Spinrad. 1986. Early spring phytoplankton blooms in the Gulf of Maine. Continental Shelf Research 6(3): 515-529.
Graham, J.J. and D.W. Townsend. 1985. Estimates of mortality, growth and transport for cohorts of larval Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, from Maine coastal waters. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 114: 490-498.
Townsend, D.W. 1985. Review of: Pitcher, T.J. and P.J.B. Hart.1982. Fisheries Ecology. Avi Publishing Co., Westport, Conn. 414 p. National Fisherman, 1985.
Townsend, D.W. and L.M. Cammen. 1985. A deep protozoan maximum in the Gulf of Maine. Marine Ecology – Progress Series 24: 177-182. [PDF]
Berman, T., P.D. Walline, A. Schneller, J. Rothenberg and D.W. Townsend. 1985. Secchi disk depth record: A claim for the Eastern Mediterranean. Limnology and Oceanography 30(2): 447-448.
Carlson, C.J., D.W. Townsend, A.L. Hillyard and J.F. Eaton. 1984. Effect of an intertidal mudflat on the plankton of the overlying water column. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 41: 1523-1528.
Graham, J.J., B.J. Joule, C.L. Crosby and D.W. Townsend. 1984. Characteristics of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) spawning population along the Maine coast, inferred from larval studies. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Science 5(2): 131-142.
Berman, T., D.W. Townsend, S.Z. El-Sayed, C. Trees and Y. Azov. 1984. Optical transparency, chlorophyll and primary productivity in the eastern Mediterranean near the Israeli coast. Oceanologica Acta 7(3): 367-372.
Townsend, D.W., T.L. Cucci and T. Berman. 1984. Subsurface chlorophyll maxima and vertical distributions of zooplankton in the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research6(5): 793-802.
Berman, T., Y. Azov and D.W. Townsend. 1984. Understanding oligotrophic oceans: Can the eastern Mediterranean be a useful mode? In: O. Holm-Hansen, L. Bolis and R. Giles (eds.). Marine Phytoplankton and Productivity, pp. 101-112. Lecture Notes on Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Vol. 8. Springer-Verlag, NY.
Townsend, D.W. 1984. Comparison of inshore zooplankton and ichthyoplank�ton populations in the Gulf of Maine. Marine Ecology – Progress Series 15: 79-90. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 1983. Atlas of Fish Larvae of the Southern Ocean, by Efremenko, V.N. . Cybium, Bull. Soc. Fr., Ichthyol., Mus. Hist. Nat. Vol. 7(2), 1983. In: Biomass Newsletter, Vol. 5(1): 11, 1983.
Townsend, D.W., C.M. Yentsch, W.M. Balch, E.D. True and C.E. Parker. 1983. An island mixing effect in the coastal Gulf of Maine. Helgolander Meeresunters 36: 347-356.
Townsend, D.W. 1983. The relations between larval fishes and zooplankton in two inshore areas of the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Plankton Research 5(2): 145-173.[PDF]
Townsend, D.W. and R.F. Shaw. 1982. Daily growth increments in fish otoliths of blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou (Risso) from above the Arctic Circle. Sarsia 67(3): 147-152.
DeWitt, H.H., P.A. Grecay, J.S. Hacunda, B.P. Lindsay, R.F. Shaw and D.W. Townsend. 1981. An addition to the fish fauna of the Gulf of Maine with records of rare species. Proc.Biol. Soc. Washington. 94: 669-674.[PDF]
Barker, S.L., D.W. Townsend and J.S. Hacunda. 1981. Mortalities of herring (Clupea harengus), smooth flounder (Liopsetta putnami) and smelt (Osmerus mordax) larvae exposed to acute thermal shock. Fishery Bulletin, U.S. 79(1): 198-200.
Townsend, D.W. and J.J. Graham. 1981. Growth and age structure of larval herring (Clupea harengus L.) in the Sheepscot River estuary of Maine as determined by daily growth increments in otoliths. Fishery Bulletin, U.S. 79(1): 123-130. [PDF]
Townsend, D.W. 1980. Microstructural growth increments in some Antarctic fish otoliths. Cybium 3(8): 17-22.
