{"id":89,"date":"2017-06-23T14:51:38","date_gmt":"2017-06-23T18:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/kelleylab\/?page_id=89"},"modified":"2018-02-27T10:15:38","modified_gmt":"2018-02-27T15:15:38","slug":"g-protein-signaling","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/kelleylab\/home\/research-interests\/g-protein-signaling\/","title":{"rendered":"G-protein Signaling"},"content":{"rendered":"

G-proteins are cellular on\/off switches.  Much like there are many different types of on\/off switches in your house, living room light switches, kitchen light switches, fan switches, refrigerator switches, or stove switches, there are many different types of G-proteins, controlling a huge variety of cellular processes, but each one works fundamentally the same way.<\/p>\n

When bound to the nucleotide GDP, G-proteins are generally in the “Off” position.  They are turned on by proteins called Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs) that cause the G-protein to let go of GDP, and pick up a GTP.  When bound to the nucleotide GTP, G-proteins are generally in the “on” position.  In this configuration, they are capable of interacting with their effector proteins and signaling.<\/p>\n

Small G-proteins are members of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases.  They are also referred to as monomeric G-proteins, as they, wait for it…. exist as monomers.<\/p>\n

Large G-proteins are also called heterotrimeric G-proteins, because they consist of three subunits, Gα, Gβ, and Gγ.  Gα is the subunit most like small G-proteins, it will bind to GDP and GTP.  When it is bound to GTP, the Gα will release Gβ, and Gγ.  Free Gα and free Gβ, and Gγ are able to bind effectors and signal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G-proteins are cellular on\/off switches.  Much like there are many different types of on\/off switches in your house, living room light switches, kitchen light switches, fan switches, refrigerator switches, or stove switches, there are many different types of G-proteins, controlling a huge variety of cellular processes, but each one works fundamentally the same way. When […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":970,"featured_media":0,"parent":110,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-withsidebar.php","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-89","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nG-protein Signaling - Kelley Lab at UMaine - University of Maine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/kelleylab\/home\/research-interests\/g-protein-signaling\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"G-protein Signaling - Kelley Lab at UMaine - University of Maine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G-proteins are cellular on\/off switches.  Much like there are many different types of on\/off switches in your house, living room light switches, kitchen light switches, fan switches, refrigerator switches, or stove switches, there are many different types of G-proteins, controlling a huge variety of cellular processes, but each one works fundamentally the same way. 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