{"id":3215,"date":"2013-01-10T12:00:19","date_gmt":"2013-01-10T17:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/?page_id=3215"},"modified":"2025-06-26T15:53:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T19:53:15","slug":"context-found","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/images-for-eternity\/context-found\/","title":{"rendered":"Context Found"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Mexican potters have been producing forgeries based on ancient figures for almost as long as&nbsp;looters&nbsp;have been illicitly opening shaft-tombs in West Mexico. The presence of large numbers of fakes severely restricts the value of most museum collections for understanding the context of authentic figures. The true range of variation in craftsmanship, materials, artistic conventions, and symbolism can be determined only from real figures. Recent scientific advances make it possible to weed out the fakes and use collections, such as the William P. Palmer III Collection, as resources to support legitimate archaeological excavations in learning more about the past in West Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(50% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(50% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id3215_46577b-57 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_0df0de-dd\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"411\" height=\"291\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/sanandres.jpeg\" alt=\"Plan of San Andreas, Jalisco, showing locations of mounds, a monumental shaft tomb, and looters\u2019 pits.\" class=\"wp-image-513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/sanandres.jpeg 411w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/sanandres-300x212.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/sanandres-105x74.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/sanandres-317x224.jpeg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,411px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Plan of San Andreas, Jalisco, showing locations of mounds, a monumental shaft tomb, and looters\u2019 pits. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_9bab3b-84\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"272\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/lootlg.jpg\" alt=\"A landscape with scrubby plants. The ground is uneven with humps and holes made by digging.\" class=\"wp-image-23997\" style=\"width:318px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/lootlg.jpg 400w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/lootlg-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/lootlg-105x71.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/lootlg-317x216.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Looters\u2019 pits at El Arenal, Jalisco, showing the extreme site destruction caused by illicit searches for shaft tombs.<br>Photograph courtesy of Robert Pickering.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The tomb environment provides clues which can authenticate shaft-tomb figures. Bacteria fixed manganese on the surfaces of ceramics from many West Mexican tombs, leaving black stains. Forgers have found ways to reproduce the stains to make their work look real. Physical anthropologist Robert Pickering applies knowledge from his forensic work to authenticate shaft-tomb figures. Flies whose larvae feed on decomposing flesh infested bodies and meat offerings in tombs. The larvae left the food source and attached themselves to a drier surface to form puparia, from which adult flies eventually hatched. Ceramics provided attractive surfaces for the insects. Figures which remained dry in the tomb setting, and collectors did not later over-clean, retain puparia. Forgeries do not.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id3215_0fc4df-40 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_5447be-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_5447be-ce\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"627\" height=\"817\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail.jpg\" alt=\"Face of ceramic figure. Surface exhibits a generous scattering of dots and encrusted spots.\" class=\"wp-image-23998\" title=\"hm4113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail.jpg 627w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail-230x300.jpg 230w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail-105x137.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail-317x413.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/HM4113-detail-423x551.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,627px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Manganese on the surface of a ceramic figure. <br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/4079\">HM4113<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_3b47be-d7\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"175\" height=\"173\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/pupariablu.jpg\" alt=\"Oblong black objects with internal sectioning attached to a reddish background with a white substance.\" class=\"wp-image-3530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/pupariablu.jpg 175w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/pupariablu-105x104.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 175px) 100vw, 175px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Puparia on the surface of a ceramic figure.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_db85ed-db > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_db85ed-db\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"638\" height=\"850\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215.jpg\" alt=\"Ceramic figure with large ear spools and clear surface decorations. \" class=\"wp-image-24000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215.jpg 638w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215-317x422.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215-423x564.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm1215-634x845.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,638px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A ceramic figure that has been over-cleaned.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/864\">HM1215<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(70% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(30% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id3215_2d3a71-fa alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_b02b33-b3\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p>Studies of the interiors of ceramic figures can provide important information for authentication. Ancient and modern potters made most hollow figures with holes to release hot gases and keep them from exploding in the kiln. A medical endoscope inserted through such a hole can reveal the presence of puparia inside, as well as hidden evidence of work by a restorer or construction techniques typical of forgeries. Robert Pickering has been using computerized tomography (CT) scans to take x-ray pictures of \u201cslices\u201d of Colima dogs to document their interior construction and look for evidence of restorations. By comparing differences between known forgeries and real figures he hopes to develop another method for authenticating figures.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_f7edf4-84\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"309\" height=\"371\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/dogscan.jpg\" alt=\"a 4 by 5 grid showing black and white images representing cross-sections of a ceramic dog.\" class=\"wp-image-3555\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/dogscan.jpg 309w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/dogscan-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/dogscan-105x126.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,309px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">CT-Scan of a Colima dog showing details of internal construction.<br>Image courtesy of Robert Pickering.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc3215_1f8c2c-90 wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-auto kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-23897\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1.jpeg\" alt=\"Ceramic figure of a dog with polished red finish.\" width=\"638\" height=\"850\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-23897\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1.jpeg 638w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1-105x140.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1-317x422.jpeg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1-423x564.jpeg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm568-1-634x845.jpeg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,638px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Colima Ceramic Dog<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>200 BC &#8211; AD 500<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/5870\">HM568<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Before recent developments of techniques for authenticating figures, most decisions about what was real were based on the what experts had seen. Since archaeologists had excavated few unlooted tombs, the tendency was to declare that only figures whose styles and craftsmanship were typical of those in private and museum collections were genuine. Now it is clear that the range of variation is greater than had been assumed. Some potters or workshops produced masterpieces, but others made only crude figures. Such differences reflect either the status of the consumer or the skill of the maker. It is becoming possible to tell the difference between the very similar figures produced by lineages of potters or workshops and forgers\u2019 recent copies of ancient pieces.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc3215_7c1836-99 wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-24005\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963.jpg\" alt=\"Small ceramic figure. Body is a squat rectangle with a head at center top. Ear spools and large, pointed headdress.\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-24005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963.jpg 850w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-423x317.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-634x476.jpg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-846x635.jpg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3963-500x375.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,850px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong><strong>Nayarit Ceramic Figure<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>200 BC &#8211; AD 300<br>Ixtl\u00e1n del R\u00edo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A figure seated beneath a blanket. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3911\">HM3963<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(50% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(50% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id3215_6961c4-e6 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_6e9db9-cf\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery .kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-3215_8498cc-9d{margin:-5px;}.kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-3215_8498cc-9d .kadence-blocks-gallery-item{padding:5px;}.kb-gallery-id-3215_8498cc-9d .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kb-gal-image-radius, .kb-gallery-id-3215_8498cc-9d .kb-slide-item .kb-gal-image-radius img{border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-gallery-wrap-id-3215_8498cc-9d alignnone wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery\"><ul class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-non-static kb-gallery-type-masonry kb-masonry-init kb-gallery-id-3215_8498cc-9d kb-gallery-caption-style-bottom-hover kb-gallery-filter-none\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-item-selector=\".kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\" data-columns-xxl=\"2\" data-columns-xl=\"2\" data-columns-md=\"2\" data-columns-sm=\"2\" data-columns-xs=\"1\" data-columns-ss=\"1\"><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:640px;\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:75%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224.jpeg\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Small ceramic figure. Body is a squat rectangle with a head at center top. Large, pointed headdress.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224.jpeg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224.jpeg\" data-id=\"5574\" class=\"wp-image-5574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224-105x79.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224-317x238.jpeg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224-423x317.jpeg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1224-634x476.jpeg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,640px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230.jpeg\"   alt=\"Small ceramic figure. Body is a squat rectangle with a head at center top. Ear spools and large, pointed headdress.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230.jpeg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230.jpeg\" data-id=\"5486\" class=\"wp-image-5486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230-105x79.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230-317x238.jpeg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230-423x317.jpeg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1230-634x476.jpeg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,640px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column3215_df97ab-63 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column3215_df97ab-63\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has--font-size\"><strong>Nayarit Ceramic Figures<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">These figures have been determined to be of questionable authenticity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/874\">HM1224<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/880\">HM1230<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>New techniques for analysis of figures are under development. Some puparia retain organic material, which radiocarbon (carbon-14) analysis can date directly. Scientists can use scanning electron microscopes to determine what a container held from the deposits on the inside, and where a figure was buried from soil remaining on the outside. Neutron activation can help determine the source of clay used to make a figure, while thermoluminescence can provide an age estimate directly from the figure itself. Pollen analysis can show what plants were blooming when a tomb was open, and therefore the season it was used. In the future, these techniques will allow scientists to find out more about the context of West Mexican tomb figures.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc3215_fcf005-36 wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-24006\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775.jpg\" alt=\"Ceramic vessel with globular body, shoulder angled nearly perpendicular to sides, and short neck with flared rim. Sides are decorated with standing figures.\" width=\"638\" height=\"850\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-24006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775.jpg 638w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775-317x422.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775-423x564.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm3775-634x845.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,638px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong><strong>Nayarit Ceramic Figure<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>200 BC &#8211; AD 300<br>Comala Style<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3702\">HM3775<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mexican potters have been producing forgeries based on ancient figures for almost as long as&nbsp;looters&nbsp;have been illicitly opening shaft-tombs in West Mexico. The presence of large numbers of fakes severely restricts the value of most museum collections for understanding the context of authentic figures. The true range of variation in craftsmanship, materials, artistic conventions, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":908,"featured_media":0,"parent":3217,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-withsidebar.php","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3215","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Context Found - Hudson Museum - University of Maine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/images-for-eternity\/context-found\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Context Found - Hudson Museum - University of Maine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mexican potters have been producing forgeries based on ancient figures for almost as long as&nbsp;looters&nbsp;have been illicitly opening shaft-tombs in West Mexico. 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