{"id":2318,"date":"2013-01-08T14:36:55","date_gmt":"2013-01-08T19:36:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/?page_id=2318"},"modified":"2025-06-27T15:53:30","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T19:53:30","slug":"ballgame-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ballgame"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The ancient Maya ballgame called <em>pitz <\/em>was part of Maya political, religious, and social life. Played with a rubber ball ranging in size from that of a softball to a soccer ball, players would attempt to bounce the ball without using their hands through stone hoops attached to the sides of the ball court. The ball court itself was a focal point of Maya cities and symbolized the city\u2019s wealth and power. The playing arena was in the shape of an &#8220;I&#8221; with high platforms on either side of the court allowing for large numbers of spectators. Portable stone court markers known as <em>hacha <\/em>usually depicting animals or skulls were placed around the arena. Murals depicting captives, warriors, Creation myths, and transfers of political power from one ruler to another were painted around the ball court. The ballgame gave neighboring cities an alternative to war for settling disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id2318_780514-90 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column2318_4a2dc9-67\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery .kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-2318_b567e3-5b{margin:-5px;}.kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-2318_b567e3-5b .kadence-blocks-gallery-item{padding:5px;}.kb-gallery-id-2318_b567e3-5b .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kb-gal-image-radius, .kb-gallery-id-2318_b567e3-5b .kb-slide-item .kb-gal-image-radius img{border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-gallery-wrap-id-2318_b567e3-5b alignnone wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery\"><ul class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-non-static kb-gallery-type-masonry kb-masonry-init kb-gallery-id-2318_b567e3-5b kb-gallery-caption-style-bottom-hover kb-gallery-filter-none\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-item-selector=\".kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\" data-columns-xxl=\"2\" data-columns-xl=\"2\" data-columns-md=\"2\" data-columns-sm=\"2\" data-columns-xs=\"1\" data-columns-ss=\"1\"><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:638px;\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:133%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647.jpg\" width=\"638\" height=\"850\" alt=\"Stone object carved into the shape of a skeletal figure.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647.jpg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647.jpg\" data-id=\"24069\" class=\"wp-image-24069\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647.jpg 638w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647-317x422.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647-423x564.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm647-634x845.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,638px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:360px;\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:133%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649.jpg\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" alt=\"Stone object carved into a simple bird head.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649.jpg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649.jpg\" data-id=\"2590\" class=\"wp-image-2590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm649-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column2318_a582f0-e4\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Maya Stone Hacha<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">AD 250 &#8211; 1000<br>Guatemala<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">William P Palmer, III<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6535\">HM647<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6557\">HM649<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ballplayers wore protective equipment during the game to prevent bodily damage by the hard rubber ball that sometimes weighed up to 20 lbs. To protect ribs and the torso players would wear a yoke of leather or wood around their waists. Stone hachas were sometimes attached to the front of the yoke after the game for ceremonial purposes. They also wore padding around knees and arms, and large stylized animal headdresses that may have represented what they believed to be their animal counterparts or way. Handstones known as manopla were held to hit the ball with extra force, and may have been used to start the ball in play.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-8250\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg\" alt=\"Small ceramic figure holding ball and wearing elaborate headdress. Elements of outfit are picked out in blue.\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-8250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Maya Ceramic Figurine<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AD 600 &#8211; 900<br>Jaina Island<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This ballplayer wears a deer headdress, ear spools, a necklace, a loincloth, and a knee pad.  Elements of the outfit have been picked out in a pigment known as Maya blue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6523\">HM646<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-block-spacer{height:20px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:80%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-2615\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1179.jpg\" alt=\"Small ceramic figure. Elaborate, incised headdress with mask design, including eyes and nose above face of figure. Ear spools and necklace have traces of white paint. Sash has traces of blue paint. Figure holds \u201cpillow\u201d shaped object under left arm. \" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-2615\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1179.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1179-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1179-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/hm1179-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Maya Ceramic Figurine<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AD 500 &#8211; 700<br>Jaina Island<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/825\">HM1179<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-block-spacer{height:20px;}.wp-block-kadence-spacer.kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-divider{border-top-width:1px;height:1px;border-top-color:#eee;width:80%;border-top-style:solid;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-spacer aligncenter kt-block-spacer-2318_dbbf1c-6d\"><div class=\"kt-block-spacer kt-block-spacer-halign-center\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-8853\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a.jpg\" alt=\"Carved stone object, an elongated ring shape with a face incised in the front.\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-8853\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a.jpg 600w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm651a-423x317.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,600px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Totonac stone yoke<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AD 1400 &#8211; 1519<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a carved stone representation of the yoke &#8211; usually in leather or wood &#8211; worn by ballplayers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6580\">HM651<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The spiritual story most associated with the ballgame is that of the Maize Gods and the Hero Twins from the Quich\u00e9 Maya book of creation, the Popol Vuh. As the tale goes, the Maize Gods were avid ballplayers who were killed and buried on the court by the Lords of Xibalba (the Underworld) for bothering them with the noise of the game. The head of one of the Maize gods was hung from a tree in the Underworld, and as a daughter of the Lord of the Underworld passes, it spit into her palm, miraculously impregnating her. The daughter bore twin sons, the Hero Twins, who avenge their father and uncle\u2019s deaths by resurrecting them on the ballcourt. The Hero Twins go on to survive the ordeals of Hell presented to them by the death gods, while the reborn Maize Gods remain on the ballcourt for humans to honor. The Maya therefore believed that it was necessary to play the game for their own survival. The ballgame provided an opportunity to show devoutness to the gods by sacrificing captured kings and high lords, or the losing opponents of the game.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-split-content-img{max-height:450px;}.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-imgcol, .kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d .kt-sc-textcol{min-height:450px;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"aligncenter kt-sc2318_dbbf1c-6d wp-block-kadence-splitcontent\"><div class=\"kt-split-content-wrap kt-sc-media-side-left\" style=\"grid-template-columns:50% auto\"><div class=\"kt-sc-imgcol kt-sc-imgcol-bg-contain kt-sc-img-side-left\"><figure class=\"kt-split-content-media-image wp-image-container-3114\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/Underworld8-hm1183-e1692717766293.jpg\" alt=\"Ceramic vase, tall and narrow with vertical walls. Black and white chevron motif bands around the rim and base. A human figure with elaborate feather back rack is painted between the bands. Figure has right arm thrust forward with palm held upward. \" width=\"395\" height=\"599\" class=\"kt-split-content-img wp-image-3114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/Underworld8-hm1183-e1692717766293.jpg 395w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/Underworld8-hm1183-e1692717766293-198x300.jpg 198w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/Underworld8-hm1183-e1692717766293-92x140.jpg 92w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/01\/Underworld8-hm1183-e1692717766293-317x481.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,395px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"kt-sc-textcol kt-sc-text-valign-center kt-sc-text-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-sc-innter-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has--font-size\"><strong>Maya Cylinder Vase<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AD 600 &#8211; 900<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This vessel depicts the young Maize God wearing a lavish feather headdress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>William P Palmer, III Collection<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/830\">HM1183<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id2318_6e3809-53 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column2318_32569b-ec > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column2318_32569b-ec\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery .kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-2318_ced2c3-7d{margin:-5px;}.kb-gallery-type-masonry.kb-gallery-id-2318_ced2c3-7d .kadence-blocks-gallery-item{padding:5px;}.kb-gallery-id-2318_ced2c3-7d .kadence-blocks-gallery-item .kb-gal-image-radius, .kb-gallery-id-2318_ced2c3-7d .kb-slide-item .kb-gal-image-radius img{border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-gallery-wrap-id-2318_ced2c3-7d alignnone wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery\"><ul class=\"kb-gallery-ul kb-gallery-non-static kb-gallery-type-masonry kb-masonry-init kb-gallery-id-2318_ced2c3-7d kb-gallery-caption-style-bottom-hover kb-gallery-filter-none\" data-image-filter=\"none\" data-item-selector=\".kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" data-lightbox-caption=\"true\" data-columns-xxl=\"2\" data-columns-xl=\"2\" data-columns-md=\"2\" data-columns-sm=\"2\" data-columns-xs=\"1\" data-columns-ss=\"1\"><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:768px;\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:133%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-768x1024.jpg\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Ceramic covered urn on wide rectangular feet. Cover has decorative head modeled center top.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-rotated.jpg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-rotated.jpg\" data-id=\"24084\" class=\"wp-image-24084\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-317x423.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-423x564.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-634x845.jpg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-846x1128.jpg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-951x1268.jpg 951w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm667-resized-rotated.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,768px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><li class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item\" tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"kadence-blocks-gallery-item-inner\"><figure class=\"kb-gallery-figure kadence-blocks-gallery-item-hide-caption\"><div class=\"kb-gal-image-radius\" style=\"max-width:768px;\"><div class=\"kb-gallery-image-contain kadence-blocks-gallery-intrinsic\" style=\"padding-bottom:133%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-768x1024.jpg\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Ceramic covered urn on wide rectangular feet. Cover has decorative head modeled center top.\" data-full-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized.jpg\" data-light-image=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized.jpg\" data-id=\"24082\" class=\"wp-image-24082\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-317x423.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-423x564.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-634x845.jpg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-846x1128.jpg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized-951x1268.jpg 951w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/06\/hm668-resized.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,768px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/figure><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column2318_5b2844-e3\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Maya Ceramic Urns<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">AD 250 &#8211; 600<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">This pair of funerary vessels depict the Hero Twins, Hunapu and Xbalanque. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">William P Palmer, III<br><a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6751\">HM667<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6765\">HM668<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The ancient Maya ballgame called pitz was part of Maya political, religious, and social life. Played with a rubber ball ranging in size from that of a softball to a soccer ball, players would attempt to bounce the ball without using their hands through stone hoops attached to the sides of the ball court. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":559,"featured_media":0,"parent":1526,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/page-withsidebar.php","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2318","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ballgame - Hudson Museum - University of Maine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ballgame - Hudson Museum - University of Maine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The ancient Maya ballgame called pitz was part of Maya political, religious, and social life. Played with a rubber ball ranging in size from that of a softball to a soccer ball, players would attempt to bounce the ball without using their hands through stone hoops attached to the sides of the ball court. The [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hudson Museum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-27T19:53:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/\",\"name\":\"Ballgame - Hudson Museum - University of Maine\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-01-08T19:36:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-27T19:53:30+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/maya\/ballgame-2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm646.jpg\",\"width\":360,\"height\":480,\"caption\":\"Small ceramic figure holding ball and wearing elaborate headdress. 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