{"id":15277,"date":"2020-04-07T15:20:13","date_gmt":"2020-04-07T19:20:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/?page_id=15277"},"modified":"2026-05-12T12:15:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T16:15:59","slug":"mesoamerican-vocabulary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/","title":{"rendered":"Mesoamerican Vocabulary"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_b11ece-10 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_518cbe-48 kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15277_733bc4-79 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15277_733bc4-79\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"638\" height=\"850\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg\" alt=\"A small ceramic model of a temple, very simple, with largely rectangular elements.\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-25566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg 638w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501-105x140.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501-317x422.jpeg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501-423x564.jpeg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501-634x845.jpeg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,638px\" \/><figcaption>Aztec ceramic temple model (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/5110\">HM501<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_ca5a96-f6\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Aztec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Aztec Empire flourished between 1345 and 1521 CE. &nbsp;Their empire stretched across what is today central and southern Mexico. &nbsp;In 1521, Spanish conquistadors led by Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s overthrew the Aztec Empire and captured the center of the Empire, Tenochtitlan.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_1bca22-82 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_dc2c56-70\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><strong>Bloodletting<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To appease the gods, ensure abundant rainfall, bountiful harvest, and community prosperity, bloodletting and human sacrifice were common Pre-Columbian religious practices. \u00a0Blood offerings were made by piercing parts of the body with ritual implements made of stone, bone, or stingray spines.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_422d65-69 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_422d65-69 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3471.jpg\" alt=\"Ceramic bottle with wide base and long, narrow neck decorated with stingray motif.\" class=\"wp-image-8898\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3471.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3471-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3471-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3471-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cocle bottle depicting a stingray (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3379\">HM3471<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_2130df-e9 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_f1b27b-48 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"799\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-1024x799.jpg\" alt=\"Ceramic pot with decorations shaped like cacao pods.\" class=\"wp-image-22383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-1024x799.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-768x599.jpg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-1536x1198.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-2048x1597.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-105x82.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-317x247.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-423x330.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-634x495.jpg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-846x660.jpg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-951x742.jpg 951w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM9830_cropped-1268x989.jpg 1268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Colima vessel with cacao pods (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/11367\">HM9830<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_fd7c3f-d8\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Cacao <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The cocoa bean, or cacao, is the dried and fermented seed of the cacao plant&#8217;s fruit, from which chocolate is made.&nbsp; It is thought that the Olmec domesticated the cacao tree. &nbsp;The Mayans considered cacao to be a sacred food reserved for the elite and used it in special rituals. &nbsp;It was served in highly decorated cylinder vases that were often featured as grave goods in tombs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(60% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(40% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_ecb2f1-b0 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_8ff8cb-50\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Colima,&nbsp;Nayarit, and&nbsp;Jalisco <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Three states in West Mexico that were home to Pre-Columbian cultures.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_145b84-20 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_145b84-20 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15277_2cfcf9-37 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15277_2cfcf9-37\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"276\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map1.jpg\" alt=\"map of West Mexico\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-508\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map1.jpg 276w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map1-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map1-105x138.jpg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,276px\" \/><figcaption>Map of West Mexican regions<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(30% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(70% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_ffc6ab-58 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_64beff-cc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_64beff-cc kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3816.jpeg\" alt=\"Seated ceramic figure, head facing backwards, holding bowl.\" class=\"wp-image-7888\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3816.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3816-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3816-105x140.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3816-317x423.jpeg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jalisco seated figure with conical head (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3748\">HM3816<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_7eee13-f9\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Cranial Deformation and Shaping<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Cranial deformation or head shaping was another form of body modification widely practiced by ancient Mesoamerican cultures as a form of differentiation and manifestation of elite social status. &nbsp;The Maya would bind an infant&#8217;s head (when the skull is more malleable) between boards for several days to flatten the frontal bones, creating a conical head shape.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(70% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(30% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_f4344e-4d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-left-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_28b8f8-4c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Ear Spools and Ear Flares<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Body modification was a common practice among Pre-Columbian civilizations to set the elite apart from the lower classes. &nbsp;It also served to appease the gods and rulers, and reflected aesthetics ideals of beauty in Pre-Columbian culture. &nbsp;Starting from ages four through seven, the Mayans would use ear spools and flares to slowly stretch holes in the ear lobes as an individual passed important milestones in their life. &nbsp;Ear spools and flares were often made from obsidian, shell, ceramic, and stone.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_73c23b-a9 kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm775-1.jpg\" alt=\"Image of an obsidian ring.\" class=\"wp-image-12738\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm775-1.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm775-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm775-1-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm775-1-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mexican obsidian ear spool (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/7331\">HM775<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_0b4c3a-7c alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_334a49-f2 kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs.jpg\" alt=\"Drawings of Maya glyphs associated with dates.\" class=\"wp-image-22378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs.jpg 540w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs-260x300.jpg 260w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs-105x121.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs-317x365.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/Maya-Numerical-Glyphs-423x487.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,540px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_998082-1c > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_998082-1c\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Katun<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A katun or k\u2019atun is unit of time in the Maya Calendar system, equivalent to 7200 days, or just under 20 years.&nbsp; It is the 2<sup>nd<\/sup>&nbsp; digit on the normal Maya Long Calendar Date. &nbsp;The Long Calendar dates were expressed using baktun (equivalent to 144,000 days), katun, tun (360 days), uinal (140 days), and k\u2019in (4 days).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(75% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(25% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_e0eb38-8c alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-left-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_7f8524-3e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Lip Plugs<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Labret, or lip plugs, were worn by Aztec nobility and warrior classes.&nbsp; Among the Aztec military, lip plugs were seen as signs of achievement and it was punishable by death to wear a lip plug one had not earned. Only the nobility, including priests and the ruler, were allowed to wear lip plugs made from gold or precious stones.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_579ce3-d2 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-12751 size-full\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm795-1.jpg\" alt=\"Small obsidian lip plug with flared base.\" class=\"wp-image-12750\" style=\"width:183px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm795-1.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm795-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm795-1-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm795-1-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Aztec obsidian lip plug (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/7354\">HM795<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_11932f-67 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_aa02ee-bc kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15277_81d0dc-14 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15277_81d0dc-14\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1465\" height=\"1954\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited.jpeg\" alt=\"Ceramic vessel in the shape of a bird head with a man peaking out inside the slightly open beak. Beak is painted yellow.\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-24251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited.jpeg 1465w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-105x140.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-317x423.jpeg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-423x564.jpeg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-634x846.jpeg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-846x1128.jpeg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-951x1268.jpeg 951w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/07\/hm1171-edited-1268x1691.jpeg 1268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,1465px\" \/><figcaption>Maya bird head censer (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/817\">HM1171<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .wp-block-kadence-advancedgallery{align-self:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_bb4a7a-7f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Maya<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The ancient Maya lived in what is now Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras starting as early as 2600 BCE.&nbsp; The Classic Maya period began around 250 BCE, by which time the Maya had risen to power and extended their influence throughout the Yucatan, creating a highly developed a writing system, art, architecture, mathematics, and calendar system, based on astronomical observation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite the fall of the Maya Empire around 900 CE, to this day the Maya continue to live in this region blending Pre-Columbian cultural traditions with post-conquest traditions.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_11981f-f0 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_8f8a50-e6\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Maya City-State<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The Maya Empire was comprised of smaller city-states that were connected by complex trading networks and political structures. &nbsp;Examples of Maya city-states include Cop\u00e1n, Tikal, and Palenque.&nbsp; The Mayan Empire collapsed around 900 CE, and many city-states were abandoned at that time.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_9a957c-ad kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"521\" height=\"548\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/Maya_pots_map.gif\" alt=\"Maya Pots Source Map\" class=\"wp-image-379\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_4187c9-de alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_56802e-ce > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_56802e-ce kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1.jpg\" alt=\"image of a stone slab carved with Maya glyphs\" class=\"wp-image-12723\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1-317x423.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm648-1-423x564.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Maya glyph panel (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6546\">HM648<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_94c784-89{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_94c784-89 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_94c784-89\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Maya Glyphs<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Maya used glyphs in the form of humans, animals, and abstract designs to represent combinations of consonants and vowels, words, numbers, and concepts. &nbsp;They were arranged in grid-like squares containing several combined glyphs.&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>Each square could contain up to five glyphs, comprised of a central glyph, and four more connected on top, bottom, and sides of the central glyph.&nbsp; Architectural elements, such as stelae, codices, and ceramic vessels often feature glyphs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(59% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(41% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_18b081-ab alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_d69d8e-76\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Maya Headdresses<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Maya headdresses were often decorated with exotic feathers and materials, with the size, quality, and design depending on the social status of the wearer.&nbsp; Royalty would wear the most colorful and highest quality headdresses\u2014such as the headdress worn by the ruler-warrior depicted on the stele in the Hudson Museum.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_fc4921-80 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529.jpg\" alt=\"Maya vase with image of important person wearing elaborate headdress.\" class=\"wp-image-8757\" style=\"width:326px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529.jpg 640w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529-423x317.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm529-634x476.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Maya cylinder vase depicting ruler with elaborate headdress (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/5437\">HM529<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(70% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(30% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7{border-top-left-radius:0px;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_b9619f-f7 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_21cf76-c4\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Mesoamerica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mesoamerica extends from central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica.&nbsp; It was home to Pre-Columbian civilizations (pre-1492), including the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:flex-start;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:center;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_8a6cbb-79 kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15277_fbf957-02 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15277_fbf957-02\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"304\" height=\"366\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map2.jpeg\" alt=\"Map of the Pacific Coast from Mexico to South America\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map2.jpeg 304w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map2-249x300.jpeg 249w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2012\/11\/map2-105x126.jpeg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,304px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(40% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(60% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_4aa7eb-fd alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:flex-end;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_b06d3e-c6 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a carved stone face\" class=\"wp-image-12883\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1.jpg 640w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1-105x79.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1-317x238.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1-423x317.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm523-1-634x476.jpg 634w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Olmec stone &#8220;yugito&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/5371\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">HM523<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_b76a94-78 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_b76a94-78\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Olmec<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Olmec inhabited the coast of Veracruz and western Tabasco on the Gulf of Mexico, first rising to power in approximately 1600 BCE to 400 BCE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our knowledge of the Olmec comes through archaeological research.&nbsp; It is thought that the Olmec laid the foundation for the civilizations that followed, including ritual bloodletting and the ballgame.&nbsp; They built the first major cities and earliest Mesoamerican pyramid.&nbsp; It is not known what caused their civilization to collapse around 400 BCE, but they were succeeded by other Mesoamerican civilizations that drew upon their foundations.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(75% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(25% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_9e307d-27 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_b2f721-52 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_b2f721-52\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Scarification<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Scarification and tattooing were common practices done by puncturing the skin to create permanent scars or deigns. &nbsp;These body modification traditions were used by the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec, as well as the civilizations of West Mexico. &nbsp;Similar to other forms of body modification, scarification was considered to be aesthetically pleasing and a way of appeasing the gods.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_d41a6e-be kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"275\" height=\"350\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3974-e1747333807877.jpeg\" alt=\"Small ceramic figurine with scar marks on cheeks.\" class=\"wp-image-8037\" style=\"width:190px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3974-e1747333807877.jpeg 275w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3974-e1747333807877-236x300.jpeg 236w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3974-e1747333807877-105x134.jpeg 105w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,275px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ceramic figure with scarred cheeks (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3923\">HM3974<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_b3eb8a-ce alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_8b7c4f-a8\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Stele (or Stela)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Stele are carved stone monuments created for dedication, commemoration, and demarcation. &nbsp;Around the world, cultures erect stelae. &nbsp;The Maya stele on exhibit in the Hudson Museum depicts a Mayan ruler-king and references two dates.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:auto;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-row-column-wrap > .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:center;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98{align-self:auto;}.kt-inner-column-height-full:not(.kt-has-1-columns) > .wp-block-kadence-column.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row-reverse;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_437a6c-98 kb-section-dir-horizontal-reverse\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image15277_9cf19b-b5 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image15277_9cf19b-b5\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"820\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-820x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a stone carved stele with the full-body depiction of a person wearing an ornate headdress.\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-22372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-820x1024.jpg 820w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-768x959.jpg 768w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-105x131.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-317x396.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-423x528.jpg 423w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-634x792.jpg 634w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540-846x1057.jpg 846w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2025\/05\/HM611ed-e1747321297540.jpg 895w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,820px\" \/><figcaption>Maya stele (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/6206\">HM611<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, calc(60% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)))minmax(0, calc(40% - ((var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem) * 1 )\/2)));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_23b7cf-51 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_310ff8-b5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Tomb Figures<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In West Mexico in what is today the states of Nayarit, Jalisco, and Colima, a distinct burial tradition using shaft tombs flourished from roughly 300 BCE to 400 CE. &nbsp;The shaft tombs were rectangular vertical shafts several meters deep that opened up into chambers containing human remains and grave offerings, including the ceramic tomb figures vessels. &nbsp;Very few of these tombs have been scientifically excavated and what we know of these cultures is information gleaned from looted grave offerings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more information, please visit our&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/images-for-eternity\/\">Images for Eternity<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>online exhibit.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{display:flex;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;}}@media all and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-start;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > *, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-image, .kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > figure.wp-block-kadence-image{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;}.kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kb-image-is-ratio-size{flex-grow:1;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_5d56ff-56 kb-section-dir-horizontal\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9647\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666.jpg 480w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666-317x423.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3666-423x564.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,480px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Maya ceramic figure with flute (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3582\">HM3666<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id15277_0bcc71-c4 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_47754e-c0 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_47754e-c0\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850.jpeg\" alt=\"Image of ceramic figure with bumps all over their skin\" class=\"wp-image-7908\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850-105x140.jpeg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3850-317x423.jpeg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Jalisco ceramic figure with skin lesions (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3786\">HM3850<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_55f1c8-5b\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894.jpg\" alt=\"Image of ceramic figure\" class=\"wp-image-9279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894.jpg 360w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/03\/hm3894-317x423.jpg 317w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nayarit ceramic figure (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3834\">HM3894<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column15277_2fa755-fc\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669.jpg\" alt=\"Image of ceramic figure with pan flute\" class=\"wp-image-11949\" srcset=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669.jpg 480w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669-105x140.jpg 105w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669-317x423.jpg 317w, https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2013\/04\/hm3669-423x564.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 85vw, (max-width: 768px) 67vw, (max-width: 1024px) 62vw,480px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Colima ceramic figure with pan flute (<a href=\"https:\/\/hudsonmuseum.catalogaccess.com\/objects\/3585\">HM3669<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong>UNESCO Convention 1970<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The United Nations Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1970 was implemented to combat the illegal international trade in objects of art and culture.&nbsp; When archaeological artifacts are removed from cultural sites, their context is lost along with important cultural information.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aztec The Aztec Empire flourished between 1345 and 1521 CE. &nbsp;Their empire stretched across what is today central and southern Mexico. &nbsp;In 1521, Spanish conquistadors led by Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s overthrew the Aztec Empire and captured the center of the Empire, Tenochtitlan. Bloodletting To appease the gods, ensure abundant rainfall, bountiful harvest, and community prosperity, bloodletting [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1351,"featured_media":0,"parent":17637,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15277","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aztec The Aztec Empire flourished between 1345 and 1521 CE. &nbsp;Their empire stretched across what is today central and southern Mexico. &nbsp;In 1521, Spanish conquistadors led by Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s overthrew the Aztec Empire and captured the center of the Empire, Tenochtitlan. Bloodletting To appease the gods, ensure abundant rainfall, bountiful harvest, and community prosperity, bloodletting [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Hudson Museum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-12T16:15:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"638\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"850\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"10 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/\",\"name\":\"Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-04-07T19:20:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-12T16:15:59+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg\",\"width\":638,\"height\":850,\"caption\":\"A small ceramic model of a temple, very simple, with largely rectangular elements.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Teacher Resources\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Mesoamerica Study Unit\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Mesoamerican Vocabulary\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/\",\"name\":\"Hudson Museum\",\"description\":\"University of Maine\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine","og_description":"Aztec The Aztec Empire flourished between 1345 and 1521 CE. &nbsp;Their empire stretched across what is today central and southern Mexico. &nbsp;In 1521, Spanish conquistadors led by Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s overthrew the Aztec Empire and captured the center of the Empire, Tenochtitlan. Bloodletting To appease the gods, ensure abundant rainfall, bountiful harvest, and community prosperity, bloodletting [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/","og_site_name":"Hudson Museum","article_modified_time":"2026-05-12T16:15:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":638,"height":850,"url":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"10 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/","url":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/","name":"Mesoamerican Vocabulary - Hudson Museum - University of Maine","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg","datePublished":"2020-04-07T19:20:13+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-12T16:15:59+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/275\/2026\/05\/hm501.jpeg","width":638,"height":850,"caption":"A small ceramic model of a temple, very simple, with largely rectangular elements."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/mesoamerican-vocabulary\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Teacher Resources","item":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Mesoamerica Study Unit","item":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/teacher-resources\/mesoamerica-study-unit\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Mesoamerican Vocabulary"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/#website","url":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/","name":"Hudson Museum","description":"University of Maine","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"gfaulkner","author_link":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/author\/gfaulkner\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1351"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15277"}],"version-history":[{"count":90,"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25578,"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15277\/revisions\/25578"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/umaine.edu\/hudsonmuseum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}