Karl Kreutz and colleagues previously discovered from ice cores from Alaska’s Mount Hunter that a doubling of snow accumulation and 60-fold increase in summer melt since the 1850s — the industrial era — is linked to warming in the Tropical Pacific Ocean. The movement of heat from the Pacific, through Alaska, and into the Arctic read more Kreutz to examine 10,000-year-old ice to learn more about Pacific Ocean drivers of Arctic warming